GDP growth · Spain
Spain GDP growth forecast
GDP growth (annual %)
Model run: Sep 28, 2026 · TimesFM 2.5
12 months forecast · 2026
2.9%
Median forecast · p10-p90: 0.1% to 5.4%
24 months forecast · 2027
3.0%
Median forecast · p10-p90: −0.3% to 5.8%
36 months forecast · 2028
3.1%
Median forecast · p10-p90: −0.5% to 6.2%
Latest observed: 2.8% · 2025
Choose a horizon
The median and range update together.
History & forecast
White: observed history. Blue: forecast median. Shaded: p10-p90 model range.
Display-only line. World Bank data is annual: the forecasts are the yearly points marked on the chart. The monthly line between them is a straight-line interpolation for display, not a monthly forecast.
All values in Annual %
Model validation
| Horizon | Tests | Model errorModel | No-change errorNo change | Band coverageCoverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 months | 5 | 3.29 pp | 4.69 pp | 60.0% |
| 24 months | 4 | 3.45 pp | 6.20 pp | 75.0% |
| 36 months | 3 | 2.27 pp | 6.72 pp | 100.0% |
In these tests the model had lower average error than a no-change forecast at all 3 horizons. Rolling backtests of this model on the latest revised history; overlapping forecast errors are not independent. The p10-p90 band is a model range, not a calibrated guarantee. Methodology · Forecast audit
Evidence & context
Source data
Source & observed data
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 2.8% | −0.63 pp |
| 2024 | 3.5% | +0.99 pp |
| 2023 | 2.5% | −3.91 pp |
| 2022 | 6.4% | −0.31 pp |
| 2021 | 6.7% | +17.62 pp |
| 2020 | −10.9% | −12.90 pp |
| 2019 | 2.0% | −0.43 pp |
| 2018 | 2.4% | −0.50 pp |
| 2017 | 2.9% | −0.02 pp |
| 2016 | 2.9% | −1.15 pp |
Sources & limits
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators · NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG. Methodology · Forecast audit
Historical context
Outside the model
What could change this forecast?
A small, dated reading list. TimesFM sees the data series, not these stories. This context is not a trading signal.
No recent item selected for this series. We would rather leave this quiet than fill it with a weak match.
Selected for relevance, not a claim of causation. Source dates stay visible. Original reporting remains with its publisher.